Aging is associated with a decline in number of cognitive processes and brain functions. Latest research links regular exercise with improvement in cognitive functioning. The positive effect of exercise on cognition of older adults appears to be more than that of younger adults.
A study by Kramer et al. (2003) in the Journal of Gerontology involved well-educated men and women ages 55 to 79. Their fitness ranged from sedentary to very fit, competitive-ready athletes. Fitness was measured by results of one-mile-walking and treadmill stress test. Three-dimensional scans of the participants' brains were done using MRI equipment.
The scans showed differences in three areas of the brain, the frontal, temporal and parietal cortexes, with distinct differences particularly in two types of tissues, the gray matter and white matter. Those with higher fitness levels showed improved levels in both of the tissues.
While further studies need to be conducted to explore the exact mechanics between improved cognitive levels and exercise, the take home message remains the same. EXERCISE NEEDS TO BE INCORPORATED REGULARLY FOR MAXIMUM BENEFIT.
Exercise programs involving both aerobic exercise and strength training produced better results on cognitive abilities than either one alone. Consistent exercise will help to enhance your mood, improve cardiovascular health, and make you stronger. And now growing body of literature suggests that age-related decline in cognition could be reduced through fitness training.
It is never too late to start on a regular exercise program. The key is to stop putting exercise off and get started today. Certified fitness professional can direct you in a safe, progressive manner that will limit injuries and yield best results.
Gray matter regions preserved with cardiovascular fitness
White matter regions as boosted by fitness
